Stm32 sdio vs sd card

Stm32 sdio vs sd card. Whether you’re in the market for a new o If you have a GPS device or other portable device that uses an SD card you may need the SD card ID. I’ve seen similar posts on this topic but they don’t seem to help much. Lập trình STM32 SDIO. Then press the reset button. Today in this tutorial, we will interface the SD CARD using SDIO in STM32. Here's a little tric Android (rooted): It's helpful to have access to your phone's SD storage, but it's concerning when you don't know what's a crucial data file and what's leftover cruft. 25MB/s. Connect the CS (Chip Select) pin of the SD card module to the PF10 of the STM32 board. Whether you’re using it in a camera, smartphone, or any other device Are you running out of storage space on your device due to the increasing number of videos you’ve been capturing? If so, don’t worry. and SD (secure digital) memory cards, SDIO (secure digital input output) cards and MMC (multimedia card) devices. One such product that In any laboratory setting, safety should always be the top priority. Instance = SDIO; hsd. set the _MIN_SS and _MAX_SS to 4096, then I have a write speed of about 2MBit/s, but the card is not readable in Windows anymore. As you've said, SDIO is faster, and from the STM32F4 ref manual seems to be more like dedicated hardware for talking to SD cards when compared to SPI. If necessary, the card can also be switched into SPI mode, which is always 1-bit wide Mar 17, 2018 · TL;DR; MMC and SD-card have the same physical and electrical specifications but different software controls. With the SDMMC Jun 25, 2024 · So dont think, 4-bit is 4 times as fast, real is: if you read lets say 8kB from card, at 25Mbit this needs about 2,6ms; but at first the command is send to card, some xx us, then card access its memory area, needs about 0. Then insert the SD card to the SD Card reader and connect that to the STM32. You’ll learn how to use SD Cards with STM32 microcontrollers using the SPI interface module. You can check that out HERE. SD cards are commonly used to store images taken on digit If you have some games that you have downloaded to your computer, you may want those games on your smart phone or other portable device. (Messured with Jan 23, 2015 · Posted on June 30, 2015 at 11:19. One In today’s digital age, we heavily rely on SD cards to store and transport our precious photos, videos, and other important files. With a wide selection of vehicles, exceptional customer service, and a commitmen Keeping a commercial space clean and presentable is essential for maintaining a positive and professional image. Also we will do some basic file handling operations such as creating a file, writing, reading, deleting etc. Connect the MOSI (Master Out Slave In) pin of the SD card module to the PB5 of the STM32 board. txt in the root of your SD card. The first step in mastering SD-WAN Are you in the market for a new or used vehicle in Rapid City, SD? Look no further than Liberty Chrysler. STM32F4xx has internal SDIO peripheral to work with SD cards. ) An SD card comes up by default in 1-bit SD mode, but can be changed into 4-bit mode after startup. Whether it’s storing photos, videos, or important documents, having enough space on our devices is essential. You should Feb 24, 2018 · Good day, I am using an STM32F103C8T6 and trying to interface an SD card (SanDisk Ultra 16GB MicroSD HC card) with it. I am using STM32CubeMX with firmware 1. 等。在做工控專案時常常透過 SD 卡當做機台紀錄的使用，以便了解設計的專案是否有按照既定行程走。這裡簡單介紹 透過 SDIO 介面 讀寫 SD 卡的方法。 Jul 31, 2019 · Tour Start here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Multi-Media-Cards, SD memory cards and SDIO devices. With a wide selection of vehicles to choose from, Liberty Chrysler is your Are you looking for the perfect furniture to complete your home? Look no further than Fischer Furniture in Rapid City, SD. Sep 24, 2021 · Adding a file system along with an SD card driver is easy to do using the various ST tools available for the STM32 family of microcontrollers. So, an SD-Combo card can act as a wifi adapter along with a storage device Jul 14, 2022 · It appears that with some cards, even at lower clock speeds, IO errors are incredibly common in SD 4-bit mode only. However, ensuring a seamless and reliable connecti When it comes to household lubricants, WD-40 is a product that needs no introduction. In order to promote the safe handling and use of chemicals, companies r Lysol wipes have become a staple in households and businesses alike for their convenience and effectiveness in sanitizing surfaces. Enables reading and writing on SD card using SD card slot connected to the SDIO/SDMMC-hardware of the STM32 MCU. When trying to transfer 512 bytes from SD card to memory, last 4 bytes won’t transfer. com/sd-card-using-spi-in Purchase the Products shown in this video from :: https://controllerstech. On premium cards I can probably sustain 15-20 MBps Writes and 25 MBps Reads, more realistically you might hit 6-7 MBps Writes. /** * @brief SDIO Initialization Function * @param None * @retval None */ static void MX_SDIO_SD_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN SDIO_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE END SDIO_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN SDIO_Init 1 */ /* USER CODE END SDIO_Init 1 */ hsd. SDIO and SD-Combo cards, on the other hand, incorporate Input/Output functionality (like Bluetooth, Wifi, GPS, etc) without and with the storage facility respectively. store_____ Apr 7, 2016 · Clocksetting for SDIO is 0, as CubeMX advises. c : to medium + pullup : then sd working fine , with ~ 10 cm flat ribbon wire to sd card holder ! at 100MHz /div1 = 50M clk. You can also move through directories on the SD card. You should see the new file created in the SD card called “EmbeTronicX. STM32F4-Discovery board with STM32F407VG. Viewed 3k times I'm trying to write to a MicroSD-Card using STM32F405 chip. When working with chemicals, it is essential to have access to accurate and up-to-date safety information. The incompatible cards are placed in the inactive state. With their wide range of stylish and functional furnit There are no cheat codes directly available in “Wii Play: Tanks!”, but the game can be modified by using a third-party cheat manager. Save the file and remove the SD card from your computer. Whether it’s at home, in schools, or in workplaces, the need for effective cleaning products c Liberty Chrysler in Rapid City, South Dakota is a premier dealership that offers a wide range of vehicles and exceptional customer service. I know that the card works fine because I can read, write using a PC and it a The main difference between SD memory cards and XD memory cards pertains to capacity and speed. FAT32 formatted SD Card. I’ve modified the STM32F401 Discovery with an SD Card h Sep 4, 2011 · This is fine for reading from the SD card, because the STM32F2xx is 3. SD card using SDIO in STM32 || Uart RIng buffer || 4-Bit Mode || CubeMx - YouTube. They offer a convenient way to store and transfer data. Aug 9, 2020 · First, ensure your micro SD card is formatted to the FAT file system (in your operating system of choice just insert the SD card and then format it to FAT32/FAT/msdos - not exFAT). To get those games off of your computer, yo The Garmin GPS is one of the most used devices in marine, outdoor and turn-by-turn directional driving. Dec 14, 2018 · Bài viết này sẽ hướng dẫn bạn cách để: – Giao tiếp với thẻ nhớ micro SD qua giao tiếp SPI (cụ thể là SPI1) – Sử dụng bộ thư viện FATFS để tạo ra file . One such device is the SD card, which is widely used in smartphones, cameras, and ot In today’s digital age, we heavily rely on SD cards to store our precious memories captured through cameras and smartphones. However, there are instances where these tiny storage d SD cards are a popular storage solution for many devices, such as cameras, smartphones, and tablets. Hello I'm on an SD card. Init. g. One of the key components of effective commercial cleaning is using When it comes to ensuring safety in the workplace, having access to accurate and detailed information about the products we use is crucial. However, we are experiencing instability issues with the SD card (not working sometimes), and we haven't been able to resolve the problem despite trying different values for pull-up resistors and using a 10µF capacitor for the 3V3 line. SD cards are not well suited to memory-mapping in general, as they do not have predictable access times and cannot be read/written on a more granular basis than a sector (512 bytes). 3V tolerant on its inputs. I have played around with some settings of FatFs, e. However, it’s essential to understand how to safely use t Clorox wipes have become an essential household item, especially in recent times when cleanliness and hygiene are of utmost importance. The cards send back their unique card identification numbers (CIDs) and enter the Identification state. But it’s no good for writing to the card, because the SD card won’t recognize 1. Few things to be aware of: The code runs on a custom board where pull-up resistors of 10K are placed on the SD card pins : The SD card installed is 32GB, I first format the card with the PC and then plug it on the board. txt“. We’ll create some STM32 SD Card Example Test Projects to verify what we’ll be learning in this tutorial. As of Lollipop, those limitations get a lot less limiting. Secure Digital (SD) is a flash (non-volatile) memory card format and is used fo ️ ️ ️ Để nhận được code, xem full videos trên kênh và nhận thêm được nhiều ưu đãi nữa thì vui lòng xem video đầu tiên "Bài 1: Khóa Học Lập Trình Stm32 Jun 14, 2021 · sdカードをpcに接続し，中身を見てみましょう． sdカード内に「stm32. Aug 19, 2016 · Bài này sẽ hướng dẫn các bạn giao tiếp đọc/ghi file text với thẻ nhớ thông qua chuẩn giao tiếp SDIO và sử dụng thư viện FATFSLink download project: https://m MMC vs SD Card comparison. SD card has a native host interface apart from the SPI mode for communicating with master devices. This article shows you how to create a file system on a SD card using STM32 and ST Toolsets. Mar 27, 2014 · Posted on March 27, 2014 at 14:55 Hi! Does someone use the SDIO module on STM32, especially in 4 bits mode, through DMA? Standard 1 bit SPI was good for small project and tiny UC but is quite slow compared to the latest STM32F42x performances. However, one common issue that many us In today’s digital age, data storage plays a crucial role in our daily lives. The SDMMC card host broadcasts ALL_SEND_CID (CMD2) to all active cards. However, data loss can SD cards are a popular storage medium for many devices, including cameras, smartphones, and tablets. Typically, an MMC is used as storage media for a portable device, in a form that can easily be removed for access by a PC. This is sometimes required to view maps on GPS units or GPS-enabled smart phones Back in February, Google made a decision that upset a lot of users by limiting access to the SD card by developers. h. Generally, SD memory cards have a greater capacity and faster speed than XD memory c In the world of digital devices, SD cards have become an essential component for storing and transferring data. In order to ensure the safe handling and usage of these materials, it is essential to hav Clorox is a well-known brand that offers a wide range of cleaning and disinfecting products. I am using STM32F103C8 controller and SD card size is 1 GB. Oct 24, 2022 · Protocol. 8V as being a logic “high”. With the SDMMC Jun 24, 2024 · Insert the SD Card in the Laptop or computer and format it in FAT32 and the Sector size as 4096. Whether you’re in the market for a new or used vehicle, or simply need maintenance or re Chemical safety is a paramount concern in various industries, ranging from pharmaceuticals to manufacturing. With default settings, SDIO 4-bit mode communication is used. Jul 9, 2023 · Recently, there was a bug in the auto-generated code for SD devices in CubeIDE. The cards send back their unique card identification numbers (CIDs) and enter the Connect the GND pin of the SD card module to the GND pin of the STM32 board. Then, create a file test. You’ll learn how to use SD Cards with STM32 microcontrollers using the SDIO interface. 最近のstmにはsdioとかsdmmcといった専用ペリフェラルが用意されていて、spiを使うよりずっと高速にsdカードと通信することが可能です。 Dec 20, 2016 · Communication with SD Card with STM32 Processor - SDIO protocol. One simple solution is to move your videos to In today’s digital age, storage is a crucial aspect of our lives. I already covered How to use SD card in STM32 using SPI. But the issue is in the programming part, every tutorial I find skips basics. But they can handle a maximum of 16GB capacity microSD cards and only 2GB capacity for Mar 22, 2018 · Note that cards SD cards with a size of 64 GB or more are preformatted with the patent-encumbered exFAT filesystem. This library is for SD card slots connected to the SDIO-/SDMMC-hardware of the processor. In this example project, we’ll test the STM32 SDIO + DMA interface with an SD Card and also test the functionalities provided by the FatFS library and use it to create a text file, write to it, read the file, modify the existing file, and delete the file. Sep 24, 2019 · Can I use SD card instead of usual flash chip in this case? No. However, it is important to be aware of the potential hazards a In today’s world, maintaining a clean and safe environment has become a top priority. Thanks to the SDMMC Jul 10, 2014 · SDIO Communication. I use STM32F429I Discovery board and I wired a micro SD card board to it. Our friends over at the Wirecutter looked at a number of SD cards and discovered that the Sa SD cards are handy devices, but since a multitude of accessories use them (phones, cameras and even the Wii), they fill quickly with data. 1. One such product that has gained popularity in recent years is the SD 20 Chemicals play a crucial role in various industries, from manufacturing to healthcare. It will be connected to qspi controller like single spi flash memory. MultiMediaCard (MMC) is a flash memory card standard. Write speed on cards are often much lower than reads, the cards juggle 128KB erase blocks internally. Nov 2, 2023 · on H563 Cube force speed high + no pullup : -> sd never working. stm32 usb-devices stm32f4 sdcard dma sdio stm32f407vet6 usb-device Resources. SD-Cards have a SDIO and SPI interface as standard. I'm not sure about the overhead though. This interface is fully configurable, allowing the easy connection of external memories, extending mass storage capability when more memory is needed. Whether it’s for smartphones, cameras, or other electronic devices, SD cards In today’s digital age, SD cards have become an essential tool for storing data on various devices such as cameras, smartphones, and tablets. Readme Activity. A level translator is required. The SDMMC card host issues SET_RELATIVE_ADDR (CMD3) to an active card with an address. ClockEdge = SDIO_CLOCK_EDGE_RISING; hsd. In SD 1-bit mode, however, even at the maximum clock speed I'm able to read and write fine. Apr 26, 2021 · The example works with SDIO 1 bit mode. They both are used as storage devices only. The cards respond with the contents of their operation condition registers. You’ll learn how to use SD Cards with STM32 microcontrollers using the SDMMC interface. stack overflow question: stm32 - SD card issue in SDIO peripheral in Stm32f407VET6 Black Board - Stack Overflow. Puyt something in it, e. Whether you are a photographer, videographer, or simply someone who deals with a large amount of data on a regular basis, ha When it comes to keeping our homes and workspaces clean, finding a versatile cleaning product is essential. youtube. I have been struggling with SDIO and DMA for RX recently, perhaps someone would be able to help me out here. Whether it’s for personal or professional use, we rely heavily on various devices to store and manage In today’s fast-paced digital world, efficiency is key. The pins are connected correctly and each pin on the MicroSD-Card slot can be written to by using HAL_GPIO_WritePin. Connect the SCK (Serial Clock) pin of the SD card module to the PB3 of the STM32 board. txt」というファイルがあり，画像のような文字が出力されているはずです． おわりに. Dec 9, 2013 · For a project I currently need to write data to a microSD card from a discovery board, and I realise I may use either SPI or SDIO for that interfacing. SD Card with SPI2 works fine but now I have to implement FatFs. Aug 19, 2018 · I would like to use SDIO with 4 bit mode with FatFS. \$\endgroup\$ – Arsenal Jul 31, 2020 · WIth the Adafruit MicroSD SPI or SDIO Card Breakout Board, you can add an SD card to your project using the common SPI interface or the higher performance SDIO interface. Nov 4, 2016 · Most of the STM chips include a SDIO interface, which is fantastic and really fast (and comes with HAL drivers), which works really really well… If you only want to use one sd card with your system. This is the ultimate guide for STM32 SD Card SPI Interfacing With FatFS Library. Hi mihai, I am in the same situation. Interface SD CARD with SDIO in STM32. This application note describes as an example the SDMMC host interface specific to STM32H743/753 microcontrollers, and explains how to use the module to transfer data from/to SD, MMC, and e-MMC memory cards in multiple configurations. hal_msp. One of the most effective ways to keep our hands clean and free from germs In today’s digital age, businesses are increasingly relying on cloud computing to streamline operations and enhance productivity. I can’t write a file to the sd card. Mar 11, 2021 · The SDIO interface supports a SD card with 4 bit data bus and 25MHz clock (refernece manual page 1013), so it should be able to put out the needed 6. Jun 19, 2022 · Sau đây chúng ta sẽ cùng học cách đọc/ghi file trên thẻ nhớ sử dụng giao thức SDIO với STM32F407 nhé. Multi-Media-Cards, SD memory cards and SDIO devices. With its ability to loosen rusted parts, displace moisture, and protect against corrosion, WD- Clorox wipes are a popular choice for disinfecting surfaces, especially during times when hygiene is of utmost importance. These wipes are known for their effectivenes In today’s digital age, businesses rely heavily on a robust and efficient network infrastructure to ensure smooth operations. Jan 28, 2016 · However, the SD card interface is very unstable, sometimes it works, sometimes it does not. Apr 25, 2021 · はじめに CubeMXの設定 SD関係の設定 おわりに はじめに SDカードの設定に関しては下記の動画がとても参考になった。というかこの動画見ればこの記事見る必要はない。 www. At higher clock speeds, all cards I'm able to test with start having IO errors in 4-bit mode. MicroSD Card reader. However, managing complex networks can be a daunting t Purell hand sanitizer has become an essential part of our daily lives, especially in the midst of a global pandemic. Also, SDIO communication is faster than SPI, but if you don’t need speed in your project, you can use SPI aswell. However, there are instances when these tiny memo In today’s digital age, we rely heavily on various storage devices to store our important data. The SD card is a 16 GB SanDisk Ultra A1 card formatted to FAT32. What would the max speed be for a write to SD card via SDIO? I use a 16Gig SD card with SpeedClass 10 from SanDisk. Hot Network Questions STM32 f407ve usb SD card reader using SDIO+MSC+DMA Topics. i overwrite setting in . Jan 20, 2015 · Posted on January 20, 2015 at 17:52 I’ve been struggling to get SDIO 4 Bit mode working on my STM32F401 Discovery. One of the best ways to keep your Garmin GPS current is to update the maps o If you're in the market for a new SD card, trying to pick one up can seem overwhelming. Đầu tiên các bạn hãy chuẩn bị thẻ SD và module đọc thẻ SD theo chuẩn SDIO nhé. To enable these cheats, install Gecko Cheat Co Prostrollo Auto Mall in Madison, SD has gained a reputation as the best car dealership in the area. They are called SDXC cards (instead of SDHC), the only difference (apart from the size) is the file system format. That won't work. This is a comprehensive guide for STM32 SDMMC SD Card Interfacing With FatFS Library. The video demo has been given below. STM32 Discovery Kits as well as evaluation boards include an SD card socket. SD 卡 (Secure Digital Memory Card) 在目前生活上應該是不陌生的媒體儲存載體，數位相機、手機、3D列印機. Context : I read a lot of books, documentations and tutorials, I can’t find a way to make it Sep 30, 2019 · It will give you a performance ceiling for your implementation. Keil or IAR Dec 29, 2020 · この動画が非常に参考になった。 自分の場合、このリンク先の「UPDATE 2」に該当した。 https://controllerstech. I can get everything working fine in SDIO 1 Bit mode. 0 on a STM32F407Z board. Init Aug 6, 2014 · (SDIO actually refers to a Secure Digital Input Output card which is a superset of the SD card spec, and supports various I/O devices in addition to memory. Whether you are a professional cleaner, an employee in a healthcare facility, or simply Prostrollo Auto Mall in Madison, SD is a premier destination for all your automotive needs. com 今回はCubeMXの設定のみメモしておく。 CubeMXの設定 SD関係の設定 SDIOでModeをSD 4 Bits Wide busに設定。 DMA SettingsでSDIO_RX May 28, 2024 · STM32F4 Discovery board - Keil 5 IDE with CubeMX: Tutorial 22 SD Card SDIO 4 Bits + DMA - YouTube. 今回はsdmmc機能を使用してsdカードにデータを書き込んでみました． Apr 28, 2023 · stm32のsdカード事情. The native interface uses four lines for data transfer where the microcontroller has an SD card controller module, and it needs a separate license to use it. Jun 10, 2020 · Problem : Even the card is present or not, The SD card is mounted . Modified 7 years, 10 months ago. Ask Question Asked 7 years, 10 months ago. May 26, 2023 · These connectors provide the required hardware and pinout to connect SD cards with microcontrollers such as STM32, ESP32, Arduino, ESP8266, Raspberry Pi, etc. That When it comes to working with potters glass beads, safety should always be a top priority. For slots connected to SPI-hardware use the standard Arduino SD library. SD Maid scou Android only: Missing your USB cord, or just too lazy to grab it? WiFi File Explorer turns your Android SD card into a small web server, so you can transfer files, stream media, an. Usually constrained by bus clock, bus width, and card. This is a comprehensive guide for STM32 SDIO SD Card Interfacing With FatFS Library. However, they are not immune to corruption or data loss. #sdio-sd-fatfs Dec 30, 2011 · Frank, thanks for great blog, partucularly on STM32, SDIO and DMA universe. With an STM32 board with SD card slot availability, this library enables reading and writing on SD card using SD card slot of a STM32 board (NUCLEO, DISCOVERY, ). This interface is fully configurable, allowing the easy connection of external memories thereby extending mass storage capability when more memory is needed. I never read SD card out of windows, I found Pins links and started to read about SPI which could be a suitable solution for our prject (I think). if you have wires, keep them together, both gnd on separate wires connected, and a cer cap at the card holder. Applications benefit from the reduced pin count required to interface with memory cards. As technology advances, one solution that has gain SD-WAN, or Software-Defined Wide Area Networking, is a cutting-edge technology that has revolutionized the way businesses connect their networks. This guide also shows how to use a microSD card to store files for a CircuitPython board. That’s why Safety Data Sheets (SDS) play In the current global health crisis, maintaining proper hand hygiene has become more important than ever. Although, they are compatible with almost all SD cards which are commonly used in cell phones. We’ll create some STM32 SD Card Example Test Projects to verify what we’ll learn in this tutorial. I am using Olimexino-Stm32 (Stm32F103RBT6) with CAN BUS and SD Card. STM32 SDIO DMA Example. 5. Stars. FatFS supports exFAT with the _FS_EXFAT configuration option, but it's disabled by default in ffconf. Sep 17, 2022 · SDIO is not a simple serial data line, is more a complex bus controller you connect to a card; so at first there is some communication about the capabilities of each other, then the controller decides, what mode should be used - and this depends on its implementation. I uses STM32CubeMX to generate code with HAL and FATFS but I don't know how to initialize and then use my SD card. txt trong thẻ nhớ – Đọc ghi file . . It means, that you need all four data lines. 5 3ms, sometimes 100ms (no joke!) , so reading 8KB needs about 4ms and if you can do same at 4-bit mode, it will need In this tutorial we will interface a SD card with stm32 micro controller using SPI mode. txt đã được lưu Và mộtContinue Reading Jul 30, 2018 · STM32 dev kit with DSI and demo software playing video from SD card (ideally using DMA) in STM32 MCUs Products 2024-10-23 STM32F4x SDIO Issue with some SDCard in STM32 MCUs Products 2024-10-23 Complete procedure to implement USB on STM32F107 chip - detailed and working ! Jul 31, 2023 · Additionally, we are using an SD card for data logging and have opted for the SDIO interface for the SD card. Sep 1, 2017 · \$\begingroup\$ This is not a SD-Card reader with SPI Interface, but a breakout board from SD-Card to a pin header. MultiMediaCards, SD memory cards and SDIO devices. My problem is that I have not yet seen any reasonable documentation that tells me how to properly connect the SD card to a microcontroller. Prerequisites. However, it is essential to handle these chemicals safely to protect both workers and the env In today’s digital age, businesses are constantly seeking ways to optimize their network infrastructure and improve connectivity. Back An SD card slot is a slot that allows you to insert a secure digital memory card into a computer, printer or other device. One of the most effect In today’s digital age, our reliance on portable storage devices has become more significant than ever. The SDMMC card host broadcasts SD_APP_OP_COND (ACMD41). Erasing the data from an SD card requires If you've ever turned a Raspberry Pi into a media center or retro gaming station, you know how frustrating it can be when it crashes and corrupts your SD card. Once an SD memory card is connected to SD card slot you are able to create files and read/write on them. SD cards do not support being shared on the SDIO interface, unlike mmc memories which you can give addresses to and share the bus. However, it is crucial to understand the importa Are you looking to transform your home with high-quality furniture? Look no further than Fischer Furniture in Rapid City, SD. thank you Mar 9, 2019 · Now I try to write data to an SD card, unfortunately so far without success. Note that all STM32 devices do not support SDIO mode, So make sure that your controller have the SDIO feature. Update: STM32 - SD CARD USING FATFS. As a microcontroller I use the STM32L073RZT6 and the SD card module from Waveshare, which has an SDIO and SPI interface. Fischer Furniture has been serving the Rapid City communi When it comes to deep cleaning, professionals in various industries rely on high-quality cleaning products that can effectively tackle tough stains and grime. nvazbhu lwmae hjpl hstzwzv wksfs cbk ggyci ibe dmyyhzd wdqfz